Chemistry Ions and Cations

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Ions and Cations

Introduction

Ions are divided into two groups; cations and anions. Cations have a positive charge. Typical cations include sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca++ = Ca²⁺), and magnesium (Mg++ = Mg²⁺ ). Anions have a negative charge. Typical anions include chloride (Cl-), sulfates (SO₄ -- = SO₄^2-), and bicarbonates (HCO₃-).

Table of some Monatomic Cations and Anions..

Cations				Anion
Symbol	Name	Symbol	Name	Symbol	Name
H+	hydrogen ion	Hg₂²⁺	mercury(I) mercurous	H-	hydride
Li+	lithium ion	Hg²⁺	mercury(II) mercuric	F-	fluoride
Na+	sodium ion	Fe²⁺	iron(II) ferrous	Cl-	chloride
K+	potassium ion	Fe³⁺	iron(III) ferric	Br-	bromide
Rb+	rubidium ion	Pb²⁺	lead(II) plumbous	I-	iodide
Cs+	cesium ion	Be²⁺	beryllium ion	O²-	oxide
Pb⁴⁺	lead(IV) plumbic	Sn²⁺	tin(II) stannous	S^2-	sulfide
Mg²⁺	magnesium ion	Sn⁴⁺	tin(IV) stannic	Se²-	selenide
Ca²⁺	calcium ion	Sr²⁺	strontium ion	Te^2-	telluride
Co²⁺	cobalt(II) cobaltous	Co³⁺	cobalt(III) cobaltic	*	*
Ba²⁺	barium ion	Cr²⁺	chromium(II) chromous	*	*
Ag+	silver ion	Cr³⁺	chromium(III) chromic	N^3-	nitride
Ra²⁺	radium ion	Al³⁺	aluminum ion	*	*
Ni²⁺	nickel ion	Au+	gold(I) aurous	P^3-	phosphide
Zn²⁺	zinc ion	Au³⁺	gold(III) auric	As^3-	arsenide
Cu+	copper(I) cuprous	Cu²⁺	copper(II) cupric	*	*

Table of some Polyatomic Anions..

Anions
Symbol	Name	Symbol	Name	Symbol	Name
NO₃-	nitrate	ClO₄-	perchlorate	SO₄^2-	sulfate
NO₂-	nitrite	ClO₃-	chlorate	HSO₄-	hydrogen sulfate
CrO₄^2-	chromate	ClO₂-	chlorite	SO₃^2-	sulfite
Cr²O₇^2-	dichromate	ClO-	hypochlorite	HSO₃-	hydrogen sulfite
CN-	cyanide	IO₄-	periodate	C2O₄^2-	oxalate
MnO₄-	permanganate	IO₃-	iodate	HC₂O^{4 -}	hydrogen oxalate
OH-	hydroxide	IO-	hypoiodite	PO₄^3-	phosphate
O₂^2-	peroxide	BrO₃-	bromate	HPO₄^2-	hydrogen phosphate
NH₂-	amide	BrO-	hypobromite	PO₃^3-	phosphite
CO₃^2-	carbonate	HCO₃-	hydrogen carbonate	H₂PO₄-	dihydrogen phosphate

Links relevant to organic chemistry..

Table of common cations and ions .... Short but useful list
Table of common anions and cations... Useful table -site also include lots more chemical tables
Names, formulas and charges of the most common ions... Another usefull table within a very comprehensive website

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Last Updated 29/01/2013